ah sorry no, one moment let me clarify (don't worry you can't break it)
Renaming without having a copy of the folder won't work because then BTT can't restore from anything.
The renaming part was referencing the fallback scenario in case you need to restore it again:
So again the exact steps to restore from settings:
1.) Close BTT & duplicate your BTT folder to some other location (cmd+c / cmd+v)
2.) Open BTT, go to Help => Restore From Settings
3.) Done.
Only if that should break things you would need to restore from your duplicated folder.
Understood, that makes sense 
I'll try that after lunch. I was just about to ask:
"Mm, sorry, be patient with me. If the BTT folder has a different name, where does BTT take the backup from after the restart if the “old” folder no longer exists?"
That's why renaming only works in the fallback scenario - if you you want to restore your Current state after trying to restore from backups. Then you rename the restored state and copy back your duplicated (not renamed) BetterTouchTool folder.
So ignore any renaming for now. Only do these:
Tätä ... It's all back. 
What should I learn from this? Never move triggers to another preset if the app doesn't exist yet? I hope I always remember that.
Anyway, thanks for your always very kind support, Andreas. 
if you feel adventurous you could try to make another copy of the BTT folder again and do the same trigger move again with 5.539 
(I added some code to auto-add apps now)
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You shouldn't push your luck too hard. At the moment, I'll pass.
But sooner or later I'll have to move triggers again, then I'll find out if your “auto-add” works ... in case I forget to add the app myself. 